শুক্রবার, ৩ ফেব্রুয়ারি, ২০১২

Maine girl bouncing back after 6-organ transplant (AP)

HOLLIS, Maine ? A 9-year-old Maine girl is home from a Boston hospital healthy, active and with high hopes ? and a new stomach, liver, spleen, small intestine, pancreas, and part of an esophagus to replace the ones that were being choked by a huge tumor.

It's believed to be the first-ever transplant of an esophagus and the largest number of organs transplanted at one time in New England.

Spunky and bright-eyed as she scampered around her family's farmhouse outside Portland, Alannah Shevenell said Thursday that she's glad to be feeling well again and able to go sledding, make a snowman, work on her scrapbooks and give her grandmother a little good-humored sass.

The best part, though? "Being home," she said. "Just being home."

It was 2008 when Alannah, then 5, began running a fever and losing weight while her belly swelled. Doctors discovered the tumor that year and twice attempted to remove it, as it made its way like octopus legs from organ to organ. But it was difficult to access what turned out to be a rare form of sarcoma, said Debi Skolas, Alannah's grandmother, and chemotherapy didn't do the trick, either.

All the time, the growth ? known as an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor ? continued to grow in her abdomen, causing pain, making it hard to eat and swelling her up with fluid. Surgery was the last resort to save her life, and Alannah spent more than a year on a waiting list for the organs, said Dr. Heung Bae Kim, the lead surgeon on the procedure at Children's Hospital Boston.

The family was told there was a 50 percent chance Alannah wouldn't survive the procedure. But without it, she had no chance whatsoever.

Things were more tense than celebratory in October when doctors prepared to remove the growth and the organs in one fell swoop and replace them with organs transplanted in one tangled piece from another child of similar size.

The hardest part was taking out her organs and the tumor, Kim said, calling it a difficult operation with lots of blood loss.

"It's probably one of the most extensive tumor removals ever done," the surgeon said.

Dr. Allan Kirk, professor of surgery at Emory University in Atlanta and the editor-in-chief of The American Journal of Transplantation, said no other esophageal transplant has been reported in medical literature.

After the surgery, Alannah spent three more months at the hospital, with her grandmother sleeping every night in a lounge chair by her bed. She battled infections and complications from the surgery before finally being given the OK to leave.

She arrived back home Wednesday in the 192-year-old house on a country road where she lives with her grandmother and grandfather, Jamie Skolas, in Hollis, a town of 4,500 residents about 20 miles west of Portland.

But just because she's home doesn't mean she's out of the woods. Alannah has to take nine medications each day, some two, three or four times. Her grandparents have to precisely measure what goes in and comes out of her body, and check her blood sugar.

She has an ostomy pouch and feeding tube attached to her for nutrition as she slowly gets used to eating again. Scars from her surgeries look like a roadmap on her stomach. A tutor comes to the home 20 hours a week for her schooling.

Her immune system is so weak that she can't go to places with large numbers of other people, such as school, church or a mall. She can't eat raw vegetables or fruits unless they have thick skins because of concerns over germs, and she'll never be able to swim in a lake because of the bacteria. The Skolases installed ultraviolet lights in their heating ducts to kill mold, mildew and bacteria that might sicken Alannah.

Alannah is aware of her limitations and what she's been through. "Don't even ask," she says when the subject of the medical costs, which have been covered by MaineCare ? Maine's version of Medicaid ? come up.

She's talkative and enjoys bantering with her grandparents.

"Grammy, you're not always right," she said to end a conversation.

The Skolases, who took Alannah in several years ago but declined to discuss the whereabouts of her parents, have made sacrifices for her through the years. Their hand-crafted-furniture business has suffered, with Debi devoting her time to care for Alannah, and the couple has dipped into retirement savings to make ends meet.

Friends have organized a fundraiser to help raise money to offset the costs.

More than anything, though, the family is thankful for the girl's second chance at life and to the family that went through the pain of losing a child and before deciding to donate the organs to help Alannah.

"That was a courageous decision," Debi Skolas said. "I still cry when I think about it."

___

Associated Press writer Bridget Brown in Boston contributed to this report.

Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/cancer/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20120203/ap_on_he_me/us_multiple_organ_transplant

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বৃহস্পতিবার, ২ ফেব্রুয়ারি, ২০১২

How antipsychotic medications cause metabolic side effects such as obesity and diabetes

How antipsychotic medications cause metabolic side effects such as obesity and diabetes

Wednesday, February 1, 2012

In 2008, roughly 14.3 million Americans were taking antipsychotics?typically prescribed for bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or a number of other behavioral disorders?making them among the most prescribed drugs in the U.S. Almost all of these medications are known to cause the metabolic side effects of obesity and diabetes, leaving patients with a difficult choice between improving their mental health and damaging their physical health. In a paper published January 31 in the journal Molecular Psychiatry, researchers at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute (Sanford-Burnham) reveal how antipsychotic drugs interfere with normal metabolism by activating a protein called SMAD3, an important part of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) pathway.

The TGFbeta pathway is a cellular mechanism that regulates many biological processes, including cell growth, inflammation, and insulin signaling. In this study, all antipsychotics that cause metabolic side effects activated SMAD3, while antipsychotics free from these side effects did not. What's more, SMAD3 activation by antipsychotics was completely independent from their neurological effects, raising the possibility that antipsychotics could be designed that retain beneficial therapeutic effects in the brain, but lack the negative metabolic side effects.

"We now believe that many antipsychotics cause obesity and diabetes because they trigger the TGFbeta pathway. Of all the drugs we tested, the only two that didn't activate the pathway were the ones that are known not to cause metabolic side effects," said Fred Levine, M.D., Ph.D., director of the Sanford Children's Health Research Center at Sanford-Burnham and senior author of the study.

In a previous study aimed at developing new insights into diabetes, Dr. Levine and his team used Sanford-Burnham's high-throughput screening capabilities to search a collection of known drugs for those that alter the body's ability to generate insulin, the pancreatic hormone that helps regulate glucose. That's when they first noticed that many antipsychotics alter the activity of the insulin gene. In this current study, the researchers set out to connect the dots between antipsychotics and insulin. In doing so, experiments in laboratory cell-lines showed that antipsychotics known to cause metabolic side effects also activated the TGFbeta pathway?a mechanism that controls many cellular functions, including the production of insulin?while the drugs without these side effects did not.

Wondering whether their initial laboratory observations were relevant to the human experience, the researchers reanalyzed previously published gene expression patterns in brain tissue from schizophrenic patients treated with antipsychotics. What they found supported their earlier findings?TGFbeta signaling was activated only in those patients receiving antipsychotic treatment. Looking further, they found that the extent to which each antipsychotic drug activated the TGFbeta pathway in human brains correlated very closely with the extent to which those same drugs activated SMAD3 and affected the insulin promoter in their cell culture experiments.

The TGFbeta pathway also plays an important role in metabolic disease in people who don't take antipsychotic medications. "It's known that people who have elevated TGFbeta levels are more prone to diabetes. So having a dysregulated TGFbeta pathway?whether caused by antipsychotics or through some other mechanism?is clearly a very bad thing," said Dr. Levine. "The fact that antipsychotics activate this pathway should be a big concern to pharmaceutical companies. We hope this new information will lead to the development of improved drugs."

###

Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute: http://www.burnham-inst.org

Thanks to Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute for this article.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/117260/How_antipsychotic_medications_cause_metabolic_side_effects_such_as_obesity_and_diabetes

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Status update: Facebook to go public, raise $5B

FILE - This Dec. 13, 2011 file photo shows a sign at Facebook headquarters in Menlo Park, Calif. Facebook, the social network that changed "friend" from a noun to a verb, is expected to file as early as Wednesday, Feb. 1, 2012, to sell stock on the open market. Its debut is likely to be the most talked-about initial public offering since Google in 2004. (AP Photo/Paul Sakuma, file)

FILE - This Dec. 13, 2011 file photo shows a sign at Facebook headquarters in Menlo Park, Calif. Facebook, the social network that changed "friend" from a noun to a verb, is expected to file as early as Wednesday, Feb. 1, 2012, to sell stock on the open market. Its debut is likely to be the most talked-about initial public offering since Google in 2004. (AP Photo/Paul Sakuma, file)

FILE - In this May, 26, 2010 file photo, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg talks about the social network site's new privacy settings in Palo Alto, Calif. The Wall Street Journal reported Friday, Jan. 27, 2012 that Facebook is preparing to file initial paperwork for an offering that could raise as much as $10 billion and value the company at $75 billion to $100 billion (AP Photo/Marcio Jose Sanchez, File)

This Jan. 12, 2012 photo, shows the exterior view of Facebook's new headquarters in Menlo Park, Calif. Facebook, the social network that changed "friend" from a noun to a verb, is expected to file as early as Wednesday to sell stock on the open market. Its debut is likely to be the most talked-about initial public offering since Google in 2004. (AP Photo/Paul Sakuma)

(AP) ? Facebook is updating its status from a private to public company. The shift is occurring as the Internet social network filed its long-awaited plans for an initial public offering of stock.

The documents filed Wednesday say Facebook hopes to raise $5 billion in its IPO. That would be the most for an Internet IPO since Google and its early backers raised $1.9 billion in 2004.

The final amount is likely to change during the next three to four months as Facebook's bankers gauge investor demand.

The IPO marks another major milestone for a Harvard-born startup that began as an online college hangout eight years ago. Since then, it has become a cultural touchstone that has transformed the way everyone from doting grandmas to sassy teenagers share information about their lives.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/f70471f764144b2fab526d39972d37b3/Article_2012-02-01-Facebook%20IPO/id-636bce650f844434b0a0bdf35a58d4a7

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বুধবার, ১ ফেব্রুয়ারি, ২০১২

Solving Crime With Computer Forensics | Cyber Law

Laptop or computer Forensics is the scientific study of computers or laptop or computer related information in relation to an investigation by a law enforcement agency for use in a court of law. Although this technologies may be as old as computers themselves, the advances in technologies are consistently revising this science.

In the technological old days, laptop or computer forensics was mostly related to information dumps, printing out every keystroke that had been logged on a laptop or computer in a series of eight digits, all of them zeroes and ones. Literally circumstances of paper would be employed for the printing of the materials. Systems analysts would then have to convert all of the data into hex and then translate the value into whatever the actual keystroke was. In this way, it was feasible to go over all of the information and figure out at what point the laptop or computer and the corresponding program crashed. Like computers and technology, Laptop or computer forensics has evolved by leaps and bounds given that those days of old.

Although all computer language still ultimately boils down to ones and zeroes or binary and then hex, the indicates by which programs are developed, run and utilized has changed drastically. This new science has accomplished well to keep up with the task at hand. Now challenging drives can be wiped clean. Nonetheless, without having an unconditional format (and in rare circumstances, even with the unconditional switch) the information can still be retrieved. It takes an expert in laptop or computer forensics nevertheless. It takes an individual who is familiar with the technology of the pc to reconstruct all of the data that has been wiped off of the hard drive.

Computer forensics can be utilised to track emails, instant messaging and just about any other form of laptop or computer related communications. This can be required, particularly in the world right now. Specialists have even advanced the technology to the point that they can track data real time, or even though it is actually becoming sent and received. This is a mind-numbing job when you feel about the billions of communications going on around the globe at any given time, but the science of personal computer forensics is continuously advancing each bit as swiftly or often even quicker than the technologies they are responsible for investigating.

It is an intriguing aspect of technologies that is typically overlooked. Pc forensics have been used to solve several crimes and ought to be considered a viable tool in several approaches and the study of this subject is constantly growing along with technologies.

Source: http://www.50statesonline.org/solving-crime-with-computer-forensics.htm

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KC Woman Drives 600 Miles to Return Lost Dog | fox4kc.com ...

MERRIAM, Kan. ?Twelve hundred miles from home ? a one-year-old Lab/Pit mix dog found in Merriam, Kansas will be returning home.

The one-year-old Lab/Pit mix dog whose family lives in Butte, Mont., was found thanks to a microchip embedded in the dog. And a volunteer has offered to drive Grizz the dog home.

The Heartland Society for the Prevention and Cruelty to Animals Lost Pet and Intake Center accepted Grizz on Wed., Jan 25.

Using standard procedures, the center scanned Grizz for microchip identification and discovered contact information on his owners.

Apparently, someone in Butte, Mont., thought Grizz was a stray and picked him up during a road trip from Seattle to Texas, dropping him off in Kansas at the Heartland SPCA. When the Heartland SPCA contacted the owner, the owner was stunned that Grizz was still alive and well.

?He was very excited but he was also in disbelief that his dog was found all the way over here in Kansas,? said Wendy Blair with the SPCA.

The story gets even better.

Kathy Thies, a longtime Heartland SPCA volunteer, volunteered to drive Grizz half-way home, which amounts to a 600 mile trip to Cheyenne, Wyo.

?Really it all comes down to what goes around, comes around,? Thies said. ?I hope there?s good karma!?

The microchip is about the size of a grain of rice and Joe Hinkle with the SPCA says it?s the only reason Grizz is coming home.

?If not for the microchip, we would?ve never been able to find the owner,? Hinkle said. ?The microchip was the only way that we were able to get Grizz home.?

Source: http://fox4kc.com/2012/02/01/kc-woman-drives-600-miles-to-return-lost-dog/

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The Science of Human-Robot Love

Feeding the trolls here, but really? Affection? Humping a squishy piece of silicon is not affection, it's a release of sexual energy and nothing more. If it brings some people a small measure of, um, satisfaction, then so be it. But I would personally rather be forever lonely than curl up with a pair rubber lips wired to my laptop.

Besides, I didn't say it should be outlawed or anything. I just said I was extremely weirded out by the whole idea. Tell me you don't feel the same when you see that dude ma

Source: http://rss.slashdot.org/~r/Slashdot/slashdotScience/~3/KwZyRhavIVc/the-science-of-human-robot-love

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The Big Reveal (TIME)

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Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/193668636?client_source=feed&format=rss

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